CHANGE OF STATE

 

CAN MATTER CHANGE ITS STATE?

As we all know, matter has different state solid, liquid, gas etc. Matter can change from one state to another if physical factors like temperature, pressure etc changes.

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE IN CHANGE OF STATE



An experiment done using the arrangement show above explains the effect of temperature in change of state. Add some ice cubes in beaker and start heating using the burner, note the temperature in the thermometer regularly.

OBSERVATIONS
  • Ice (solid state) start melting and turns to water (liquid state) when heated. In the thermometer we can observe that the temperature shown remains zero degree Celsius even if heated continuously, still the ice is fully converted to water.(solid can be converted to liquid by heating)
  • When ice is fully converted to water, temperature start raising. When the temperature reaches 100 degree Celsius, water (liquid state) start changing to water vapour (gaseous state). In thermometer, temperature remains 100 degree Celsius even if heated continuously, still the water is fully converted to vapour. (liquid can be converted to gas by heating)
  • When the water vapour is collected and cooled, it can be converted to water again, (gas can be converted to liquid by cooling (reducing temperature))
  • Water is cooled again still zero degree Celsius, it starts converting to ice. (liquid can be converted to solid by cooling (reducing temperature))

EFFECT OF PRESSURE IN CHANGE OF STATE

As the pressure increases, the distance between the particles of matter decreases. Thus, gaseous can be liquified by applying pressure.

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